Given the regulatory role of transformers in power systems, technicians must select appropriate transformers for installation to ensure their proper function. The winding material is the primary concern in transformer installation, as different materials result in different functions. For wound transformers, due to their unique structure, enameled wire, cotton-covered wire, silk-covered wire, and paper-covered wire are used in combination to achieve good electrical and thermal conductivity, and superior corrosion resistance enhances circuit stability. Based on existing transformer products, the winding materials used in transformer installation generally include: core material, insulation material, and impregnation material. Installers must select the appropriate materials based on the actual situation.
(1) Core Material. Transformers regulate current and voltage values using electromagnetic induction, and the core is the core component. Its material properties determine the transformer's regulating function. The best core material is one made by adding silicon to the iron sheets, thereby reducing the electrical and thermal conductivity of the steel sheets and preventing increased energy consumption after the device is in operation. The power industry standards stipulate that the magnetic flux density of silicon steel sheets must be controlled within an effective range, such as 7000 for black iron sheets and 10000 for low-silicon sheets. The appropriate material can be selected based on the actual situation at the installation site.
(2) Insulation Materials. In recent years, the incidence of accidents during transformer installation and operation has been increasing. Considering the safety issues during transformer installation, on-site personnel must pay attention to the selection of insulation materials to protect the normal operation of other equipment in the system. Currently, many transformers are equipped with insulation components, such as washers and insulating devices, but safety risks still exist due to improper human operation. Transformer installation needs to enhance its insulation performance from aspects such as isolation between coil frame layers and isolation between windings.
(3) Impregnating Materials. Impregnation is the final step in processing winding materials. Its main purpose is to improve the mechanical, electrical, and insulation properties of the materials and avoid various safety accidents during later use. After selecting the winding materials, the installers must paint the impregnating materials to create an insulating layer on the material surface. The most commonly used paint is cresol varnish, which, after being applied, can provide good safety and extend the service life of transformer equipment.